Prevalencia de enfermedades autoinmunes como factor de riesgo de cardiopatía isquémica en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo durante el periodo de enero del 2018 a diciembre del 2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Autoimmune diseases are defined as a group of chronic and heterogeneous entities that result from a genetic, immunological, endocrine and environmental interaction. The inflammatory component developed in autoimmune conditions can generate ischemic heart disease through various mechanisms. Methodology: A cross, retrospective, observational and descriptive cohort study was carried out in patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, unstable angina, non specific anginapectoris and ischemic cardiomyopathy in the Cardiology Service (Hemodynamics, Coronary Intensive Care, External Consultation, Hospitalization and Emergency areas) of Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital from January 2018to December 2020, our main objective being to determine the prevalence of autoimmune diseases as a risk factor for ischemic heart disease. Results: 316 patients were analyzed in the study, showing a prevalence of autoimmunediseases in 26 (8.2%) of patients, and of these 8 (30.8%) had psoriasis. Males were the most frequent with 75.6% of cases and the average age was 64 years. Among the traditional risk factors studied, the most predominant was arterial hypertension in 89.9% of the patients. In addition, chronic ischemic heart diseasewas the most prevalent in patients with autoimmune diseases with 54%. Mortalityoccurred in 1 (3.8%) of the 26 patients with autoimmune diseases.Conclusion: The prevalence of autoimmune diseases as a risk factor for ischemic heart disease is 8.2%, with psoriasis being the most frequent with 30.8%.