Prevalencia de déficit de glucosa 6 fosfato en la población pediátrica menor de 18 años de edad atendidos en el Hospital de Niños “Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde” en el período enero 2019 - diciembre 2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency is the most common enzyme defect worldwide in pediatrics. In Ecuador there are no studies regarding the prevalence of this defect. His condition disposes the population in general to possible complications if proper crisis prevention is not carried out. Therefore, it is necessary to know the reality of this pathology in our country and this problem is taken as the axis for this study. Methods: The study design is observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive during the years 2019-2020, in which pediatric patients treated at the Roberto Gilbert hospital with a diagnosis of anemia and who meet the inclusion criteria are included. Results: The population diagnosed with anemia due to glucose-6-phosphate deficiency during the 2 years of study at the Roberto Gilbert hospital is 161 patients, a prevalence of 4.1% is obtained. Conclusions: Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency is linked to male sex. Variant II of the WHO Classification of the enzyme glucose 6 phosphate is predominant in the pediatric population of Ecuador included in this study. The prevalent age group of patients with this deficit is 1 to 3 years. All patients diagnosed with this pathology who require hospitalization for acute hemolysis secondary to some trigger require a blood transfusion.