Prevalencia de neumonía en niños menores de 5 años atendidos en un hospital de la ciudad de Guayaquil. Año 2020.

Abstract

Pneumonia is the inflammation given in the lung parenchyma, as a consequence of microorganisms, whether bacteria or viruses, it has come to be considered in pediatric patients, as a health problem because it represents 2.12% of mortality cases in this hospital. Objective: To determine the prevalence of pneumonia in children under 5 years of age treated at a hospital in the city of Guayaquil. Design: Quantitative, descriptive, retrospective, crosssectional. Population: 377 patients under 5 years of age. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Indirect observation matrix. Results: In relation to the characteristics, a predominance of minors aged 1 to 12 months (97%), male (56%), from urban areas (81%), with more than 7 days hospitalized (69%) was obtained. , with economic income less than $400 (71%), coming from the coast (95%), allergies (31%), asthma (24%), normal height (52%), risk of low weight (56%), BMI emaciated (57%), with type of bacterial pneumonia (69%), without complications (46%), with manifestations of nasal flaring (23%) and cough (24%) and the causative agent of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (50%). Conclusion: In patients diagnosed with pneumonia, special attention should be given to those under 1 to 12 months of age. It has been shown that health promotion and prevention activities must continue to be expanded by the nursing staff, to educate parents about the factors that influence the development of the disease and prevent the occurrence of complications, also reducing mortality.