Prevalencia de úlceras por presión en pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de la Unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil ´´Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón".

Abstract

Pressure ulcers are a serious social problem and a therapeutic challenge for health professionals, taking into account that they are directly related to patient care. Objective: To determine the prevalence of pressure ulcers in patients hospitalized in the service of the Intensive Care Unit at the Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Ponton. Methodology: The study is descriptive, quantitative method, according to retrospective and cross sectional time. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Observation sheet. Results: During the period from January to December 2021, 803 were admitted to the ICU, of which 143 patients appeared PU. The sociodemographic characteristics were that the sex that predominated was men 56% and women 44%, the age range d between 60 to 79 years 40%, of mestizo ethnicity 99%, residents of the urban area 60%, average economic level 67 % Regarding the clinical characteristics, erythema was identified in 69%, edema in 55%, and pain in 55%. When classifying PUs according to risk, high risk is described as 69%, with grade 2 (80%) and grade 3 (77%); the location was sacral 70% grade 2 (48%), finally, the treatment is to heal the wounds 99%, prevent infection 99%, maintain good nutrition 67%, reduce pressure on the affected skin 55% and control pain 55%. Conclusions: The prevalence determines that the ICU was 17.81%.