Prevalencia de Gastroenteritis en menores de 5 años atendidos en un Hospital de la ciudad de Guayaquil de enero a diciembre de 2021.

Abstract

Gastroenteritis is inflammation of the digestive tract, manifested by vomiting, diarrhea and sometimes accompanied by fever. Third cause of death Objective: To determine the prevalence of gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age treated at a Hospital in the City of Guayaquil from January to December 2021. Methodology: Type of study: descriptive, Method: quantitative, retrospective time, Design: Cross-sectional. The population was made up of 311 children under 5 years of age and the sample was 173. Results: The prevalence was 55.63%, according to sociodemographic characteristics, women predominated with 55%, and men with 45%, in ages under 2 - 3 years 57% followed by 4 -5 years 26%, the largest number of patients came from the rural area, represented with 58%, followed by the marginal urban area with 28%, and from the urban area 14%, the mother's schooling only finished high school with 51%, the predominant causal agent is viruses with 52%, followed by bacteria with 32% and parasites with 16%. In clinical manifestations, the most predominant sign was diarrhea with 35%, followed by emesis with 32% and hyperthermia with 20%. Conclusion: It was determined that the prevalence was significant, the months where there was a higher admission of children under 5 years of age due to gastroenteritis were December, June and September, the most frequent signs and symptoms were diarrhea, emesis, and hyperthermia.