Análisis de los factores económicos que influyeron en la sostenibilidad del sector turístico en la isla Santa Cruz-Galápagos en los periodos 2020-2021.

Abstract

The main objective of this research was to identify the economic factors that affected the sustainability of tourism on Santa Cruz Island in the 2020-2021 period. For this purpose, a validated questionnaire was used as an instrument to collect data, which was completed by 367 people who belong to the economically active population and who live on Santa Cruz Island. In addition, a correlational study was carried out to determine which economic factors most influenced the sustainability of tourism on the island. In this way, a review of the literature was carried out to describe the economic factors that have been previously identified as the most decisive to achieve the sustainability of tourism. This is how, according to the GRI, there were 10 economic factors that are accessibility to rights (health and education), employment opportunities for the locals, fair trade, facilities for doing business, citizen security, policies against commercial harassment or any kind of this, labor equality for women and minorities, fair wages, accessibility to basic services and the impact of tourism on other economic activities. In conclusion, the three economic factors that most affected the sustainability of tourism were: fair trade, employment opportunities for locals and employment equality for women and minorities had a very strong positive correlation with the sustainability of tourism on Santa Cruz Island (with statistical significance). On the other hand, during the confinement due to the pandemic, among the tourism sector employees consulted, 31.6% were dedicated to the agricultural sector, 30.8% were dedicated to the non-tourist transport and storage sector, and 15% were dedicated to commerce sector.