Evaluación de las alteraciones biomecánicas de tren inferior y su relación con el equilibrio y marcha presentes en los adultos mayores independientes que asisten al Centro Gerontológico de la ciudad de Milagro, 2022.

Abstract

Aging as a natural process over the years leads to the development of multiple alterations that will affect the lifestyle of the elderly. Objective: To identify the biomechanical alterations of the lower body and its relationship with balance and gait present in independent older adults who attend the Gerontological Center of the city of Milagro. Methodology: Quantitative approach, descriptive scope and non-experimental cross-sectional design. The population sample was 80 patients between 65 and 95 years old. Results: It is observed that there is a greater predominance in the female sex with 56%, in the age group of 73-78 years 35% predominate. Meanwhile, the Tinetti Test indicates 38% for women with medium to high risk of falls. In alterations of the trunk, hyperkyphosis predominates with 60%, in terms of biomechanical alterations of the hip and knee, pelvic anteroversion predominates in women with 56% and 46% in men, genu valgum with 36% women and 31% men. In the ankle, there is a higher prevalence of flat feet in women with 58%, foot pronation and valgus heel with 38% women and 36% men. Finally, in the dynamic test there are alterations in the balance of the arms, base of support and length of the shortest step between both sexes. Conclusion: It is established that there is an evident relationship between the presence of biomechanical alterations of the lower body and its predisposition to balance and gait alterations.