Prevalencia de las alteraciones musculoesqueléticas más frecuentes, asociadas a incapacidad laboral en pacientes que asisten al Centro de Salud del cantón Nobol.

Abstract

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) include more than 150 pathologies that can affect the locomotor system and the quality of life of patients; these injuries occur suddenly and sometimes are chronic diseases, which usually affect socially, economically and occupationally. Among the most common symptoms we find pain and functional limitation up to the difficulty in performing activities that require skills at a general level of functioning. The objective of this article is to establish the prevalence of the most frequent musculoskeletal alterations associated with work incapacity in patients attending a health center in the province of Guayas. Regarding the methodology, it is a descriptive, retrospective study with a quantitative approach and the intervention is a non-experimental cross-sectional observational work, the sample was made up of 991 patients with MSD. The results show the highest prevalence of joint pain with 32.49%, followed by low back pain 14.13%, osteoarthritic pathologies 13.73% and dorsalgia 2.62%. In conclusion there is a high prevalence of MSD in patients aged 16 to 70 years, who attended the Health Center in the period January 2018 - June 2021. Among the recommendations, it was suggested to take into account avoiding overloads, good nutrition and postural hygiene to avoid muscle or joint injuries.