Estilo de vida y su relación con la prevalencia de diabetes mellitus 2 en adultos que laboran en la Prefectura de la provincia de Santa Elena en el periodo de mayo a agosto del año 2022.

Abstract

Factors such as diet, quality of sleep, exercise and mental health, condition the lifestyle of people, influencing the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases, specifically Diabetes Mellitus 2, especially in the adult population, which is why this was our topic of interest. The objective of this research was to establish the relationship between lifestyle and DM2 in adults working in the Prefecture of Santa Elena in the period from May to August 2022. With descriptive methodology, observational, prospective, cross-sectional, and a qualitative approach, conducted to 60 people. Considering the anthropometric results, we obtained that 53% of those surveyed presented pre-obesity, and by means of the IMEVID questionnaire, domains such as "Diet" were evaluated, determining that 50% presented undesirable habits, contemplating the consumption of fruits and vegetables, frequency of food consumption outside the home and addition of salt/sugar to meals; for "Physical activity", 37% almost never exercise and 35% indicated that they exercise 1 to 2 times per week; for "Addictions", 47% rarely consume alcoholic beverages, and 92% don't consume cigarettes daily; according to the domains "Self-esteem" and "Adherence to treatment", the majority don't follow a diabetic diet and have almost never attended an instructive talk. Therefore, poor eating habits, sedentary lifestyle, toxic habits, misinformation about how to deal with the disease, and obesity are risk factors that trigger DM2.