Patologías periodontales presentes en personas con consumo de sustancias psicotrópicas. Revisión Sistemática.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Psychotropic substances are considered as those that significantly affect the central nervous system, the oral cavity and health in general. In the oral cavity, these substances can cause lesions in the oral mucosa, pathologies such as dental caries, xerostomia, oral cancer and the development of periodontal diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis, due to the time of consumption and lack of hygiene. OBJECTIVE: To determine which are the most common periodontal pathologies in people who consume psychotropic substances. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Scientific review of qualitative approach of descriptive, analytical, non-experimental synthetic design of descriptive statistical method. By collecting articles through metasearch engines such as: PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Dialnet. Selecting 30 scientific articles for their respective analysis. RESULTS: The male sex was the most affected by these psychotropic substances, those who abused alcohol and tobacco for years had a higher prevalence of developing periodontal diseases. The most prevalent lesion in those who used cocaine and methamphetamine was gingivitis. Marijuana users showed greater bleeding on probing, gingival enlargement, and chronic periodontitis due to poor hygiene and time of use. CONCLUSION: The use of these substances accompanied by poor oral hygiene increases periodontal diseases, therefore the dentist has to develop an adequate treatment plan so that these diseases do not reach a more serious level of danger, affecting other vital organs.