Prevalencia de perforación intestinal por enfermedad de Crohn en pacientes adultos en el hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, durante el periodo 2017 al 2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Crohn's disease is considered a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with unknown pathogenesis and etiological factors, among its main complications is irreversible tissue damage that manifests as fistulas, bowel perforations and intraabdominal abscesses. Methodology: a descriptive, observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out based on the collection of data from clinical records of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital, Guayaquil. Results: The ileocolic affectation was the predominant location of this pathology, followed by the colic region and later, in less frequency, the ileal location. Likewise, according to the behavior of the disease, the most frequent were of the obstructive type with the largest number of cases followed by the fistulizing type. There was a higher frequency of cases in the male gender, in the urban population, with an average age predominant among young adults. We found no relevance in any type of history of the patients studied that directly predispose to the development of the disease. This disease presented a mortality rate of 29.32%. Conclusion: Crohn's disease is a pathology not so common in our environment but with a high mortality rate. The most affected population was urban, family history and personal history of gastropathy are not related to the appearance of the disease; however, it is recommended to pay more attention to gastrointestinal symptoms, especially in young middle-aged men, since they could have Crohn's disease that requires more specialized treatment.