Clasificación molecular del carcinoma de glándula mamaria, en el Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos en el periodo 2019-2021.

Abstract

Introduction: Immunohistochemical processes allow the use of specific antibodies to an antigen to be identified in a histopathological tissue. The expression of estrogen, progesterone, Her2/Neu receptors and the Ki67 proliferation index are some of the useful cell characteristics both to continue the classification of the neoplasm and to determine specific treatments aimed at acting precisely on the cell receptors present. Objective: Determine the molecular classification of mammary gland carcinoma according to immunohistochemical tests at the General Hospital of Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos in the period 2019-2021. Methodology: A study was carried out with a quantitative approach, with a descriptive and retrospective design. Results: The average age of patients with breast cancer was 58 years. It was evidenced that infiltrating ductal carcinoma was the most frequent with 86% of the sample. In the study, the estrogen receptor was present in 80%, the progesterone receptor in 72%. Low Ki67 expression was evident in 16% and was high in 84%. The HER2/neu receptor was negative in 60% (0 in 31% and + in 29%); equivocal (+++) in 14%; overexpression (+++) in 26%. Conclusion: The molecular classification of breast cancer is essential for its therapeutic management. The Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos has a Pathological Anatomy laboratory that should be considered a reference for other units that require Immunohistochemistry tests.