Prevalencia de patógenos oportunistas causantes de neuroinfección en pacientes con VIH/SIDA del Hospital General Guasmo Sur, periodo 2018-2021.

Abstract

Introduction: HIV/AIDS is a worldwide public health problem and the associated OIs may greatly compromise the quality of life of those who develop them; in this context, it is important to highlight those that have the CNS as a target, and which may lead to the death of the patient or permanent sequelae. Materials and methods: the present study was cross-sectional, retrospective, observational, exploratory, descriptive, non-experimental, of mixed approach, carried out from the clinical records of PLWHA of the HGGS with a diagnosis of neuroinfection, hospitalised between January 2018 and December 2021, with a universe of 58,869 subjects, a population of 138, and N=39. Results: the age group most affected was 36-65 years (51.3%), predominantly male (87.2%), the most frequent diagnosis was toxoplasmosis (43.6%) with a prevalence of 12.32, followed by tuberculosis (6.52) and meningeal cryptococcosis (3.62), the most frequently used diagnostic methods were indirect (25.64%) corresponding to A.D.A. Tomography and MRI. The mortality rate was 10.87. 59.9% of cases had a CV between 100,000-99,999 copies and in 86.1% of cases CD4+ levels were <200 cells/mm3. Conclusions: We found a prevalence of pathogens, age group and sex, similar to that described in studies carried out in the country and the region. Indirect diagnostic methods are a tool to establish the etiology. Mortality can be as high as 11 per 100 cases.