Efectos en la presión intraocular en pacientes con Glaucoma de ángulo abierto y cerrado tratados con Facoemulsificación de catarata en el Hospital Naval de Guayaquil durante el periodo 2017 – 2021.

Abstract

Introduction: Glaucoma constitutes the second cause of blindness in the world and in Ecuador it occupies 30% of the causes. Phacoemulsification was introduced as a surgery for cataract resolution; however, it has shown to have effects on the decrease of intraocular pressure (IOP). Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive observational retrospective study of patients with open and closed angle glaucoma undergoing cataract phacoemulsification attended at the Hospital Naval de Guayaquil in conjunction with the Clínica Internacional de la Visión del Ecuador during the period 2017 - 2021 was carried out. Results: The study had a sample of 150 patients of which 62% (n= 93) corresponded to the male sex and 38% (n=57) for the female sex. The age prevalence of the patients corresponds to the 71-80 years age group with a percentage of 38% followed by 27.3% in patients over 80 years of age. The classification of glaucoma according to the iridocorneal angle opening resulted in 82% (n=123) for open angle glaucoma and 18% (n=27) for closed angle glaucoma. A significant difference in postoperative IOP during the 12 months of study is found in patients with angle-closure glaucoma with 3.8 MMHG decrease. Conclusion: Cataract surgery was effective in lowering intraocular pressure in patients with angle-closure glaucoma, since after the procedure the anterior chamber angle is significantly expanded.