Comportamiento clínico-epidemiológico de la esclerodermia localizada en niños y adolescentes atendidos en el Hospital de niños Roberto Gilbert Elizalde desde enero del 2015 a diciembre del 2020.

Abstract

Background: Localized scleroderma or also called morphea, is an autoimmune disorder and the most common form of scleroderma in children. The mean age of onset of pediatric localized scleroderma disease is 6.4 to 8.7 years. Juvenile localized scleroderma has been reported to have an annual incidence of 0.34 - 2.7 per 100,000 and is more common in women and Caucasians. The evidence in our environment, specifically in the pediatric population, is scarce considering the rare presentation of the disease. Methods: A prevalence, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in pediatric patients with a diagnosis of localized scleroderma treated in the Rheumatology service of the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital in the period January 2015 - December 2020. Results: A A total of 38 patients with a diagnosis of localized scleroderma, 27 (71%) patients were female and 11(29%) patients were male. The mean age was 11.9 ± 3.3 years. The 6 to 12- year-old group was the most frequent (60.5%). It was reported that 22 (57.9%) patients presented linear localized scleroderma, followed by 9 (23.7%) patients with the circumscribed type, 6 (15.8%) patients with generalized scleroderma and 1 (2.6%) patient with the mixed type. Conclusions: The age group most affected by the disease are schoolchildren. There is a diagnostic delay of + - 18 months. Linear scleroderma is the most common type of localized scleroderma.