Defectos del esmalte y factores asociados en dentición mixta. Pacientes de clínica de odontopediatría UCSG.

Abstract

Introduction: Enamel defects (EDD) are a set of clinically visible alterations due to disorders that occur during the biomineralization of the enamel matrix.1 The alterations produced during the initial phase of matrix secretion in the process of amelogenesis can cause defects such as hypoplasias and affectations in the maturation processes such as hypomineralizations.7 Objective: To analyze the defects in enamel development and the associated factors in mixed dentition in patients of the pediatric dentistry clinic UCSG. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional qualitative and quantitative research study was carried out with a descriptive, analytical and observational design. A universe of 104 male and female children with mixed dentition was obtained with a sample of 80 according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, Results: The prevalence of DDE in the study group was 66.07%, linear opacity 21.43% and confluent 16.07%, the upper jaw is the most affected 17.88% in diffuse opacity with grade 1 extension, the present study determined that there is no relationship between factors such as vitamin deficiency during pregnancy, urinary tract infections and low birth weight. Conclusions: According to the type of defect in the development of the enamel of the pediatric population studied, it was identified that there was a higher percentage of linear diffuse opacity, the DDE occurs more frequently in the upper jaw, according to the extension it was determined that they present grade I and II in confluent diffuse opacity.