Relación entre el infarto agudo del miocardio, ateroesclerosis y enfermedad periodontal, revisión de literatura.

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic infection caused by Gram-negative bacteria that has been linked to chronic cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis, which is one of the largest epidemics today. Objective: It was to identify the different types of periodontal pathogens that are related during an acute myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. Methodology: The analysis of the literature was carried out using the Pubmed, World Wide Science and Cochrane metasearch engines. The most used MESH terms in both English and Spanish were periodontal pathogens, atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, periodontal diseases. The literature search yielded a total of 3,003 articles, of which of total of 32 articles were taken according tothe inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Among the 32 articles selected for the literature analysis, only 17 articles are included for the review of the results, among which are longitudinal cohort case- control studies, crosssectional studies, and meta-analysis. It was found that there are 4 types of specific periodontium that cause both diseases to be related, causing them to be harmful to the patient. Conclusion: Socransky red complex periodontal pathogens are not only responsible for the severity of PD but can also destabilize the atherosclerotic plaque or even cause AMI through the rupture of these plaques.