Impacto económico de las restricciones sanitarias en el comportamiento de la cartera del sistema financiero ecuatoriano en el período 2019 – 2021 : estudio de caso Mipymes.

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to analyze the situation of credit placements and delinquency in the MSME sector during the periods prior to the health crisis, during the confinement measures and later with the relaxation policies. A theoretical review was made to explain how the credit granting process works from the creation of secondary money according to the traditional, statist and hybrid approaches. For delinquency, a review of factors was made, which in order to maintain the sustainability of the businesses, the debtors initiate restructuring processes, with the reduction of income and the distortions of the macroeconomic environment being the main causes of delay in payments. The data analysis shows that although in the 2019 to 2020 period, loans, the money supply (M1) and liquidity (M2) did not have a growing behavior; during the months of confinement, there was a setback in the speed of expansion of these variables. The macroeconomic scenario caused by the COVID19 pandemic as well as the measures to make payment of private financial debts more flexible affected the ROE of private banks, with successive falls of 34% and 20%. It is recommended to extend this analysis to other entities that make up the Ecuadorian Financial System to evaluate similarities or differences in their performance results.