Frecuencia de infecciones respiratorias agudas en niños menores de 5 años ingresados en el área de pediatría del Hospital IESS Los Ceibos. Agosto 2022 a enero 2023.

Abstract

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the most frequent cause in pediatric consultations; nowadays they have become a main cause of morbidity and mortality, registering high prevalence rates worldwide. Objective: To determine the frequency of acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years of age admitted to the pediatric area of the IESS Los Ceibos Hospital from August 2022 to January 2023. Methodology: descriptive, quantitative, prospective, cross-sectional. Population: 1826 children under 5 years of age with acute respiratory infections who meet the inclusion criteria. Technique: Indirect observation, Instrument: Indirect observation matrix. Results: Regarding the characteristics, in gender, the frequency was accentuated in the male sex Fr 1004 (54.98%), in terms of age, the group from 1 to 12 months predominated (23.77%); likewise, minors from urban areas predominate Fr 1644 (90.03%); Regarding the clinical manifestations, a predominance of minors with cough Fr 739 (13.56%) was obtained; Regarding the types of respiratory infections, there was a marked frequency of 983 minors (53.83%) with rhinopharyngitis; and in terms of comorbidities, a frequency of 662 children under 5 years of age who presented chronic lung diseases abstained. Conclusion: The frequency of children under 5 years of age with respiratory infections was 351 children who attended in the month of November of the year 2022, influencing factors such as age, the interruption of breastfeeding and the incomplete vaccination scheme, being rhinopharyngitis the most frequent condition.