Hemorragia digestiva alta por úlceras pépticas en el Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos en el periodo 2020-2021.

Abstract

Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common medical emergency in Ecuador. The vast majority of UGIB cases are due to peptic ulcers, followed by acute gastroduodenal mucosal lesions, esophagitis, portalhypertensive gastropathy, and esophageal varices, considering that the main risk factors for developing peptic ulcer disease are Helicobacter pylori infectionand the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The overall objective of our study is to determine the prevalence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to peptic ulcers and demonstrate its relationship with NSAID use.Methodology: This is an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, and analytical study involving male and female patients admitted to the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos during the 2020-2021 periodwith a diagnosis of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding due to peptic ulcers, who consulted the Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine service. Results: With a sample of 280 patients, the male sex was the most frequent (67.5%), the meanage was 65 years, the most common personal pathological history washypertension (66.1%), and the habit most observed was alcoholism (17.5%). The prevalence of UGIB duetopepticulcers in patients with a history of NSAIDuse was 35%, and the most consumed NSAID was diclofenac (13.2%). The observed clinical features showed that melena (90.7%) is the main signassociated with UGIB, followed by positive rectal examination (62.1%), abdominal pain (54%), hemodynamic decompensation (53.9%), and hematemesis (37.9%). Conclusion: NSAID use in patients with peptic ulcer does not generate more than 50% of UGIB cases.