Tratamiento de infertilidad secundaria a síndrome de ovario poliquístico con citrato de clomifeno y letrozol en mujeres de 25 a 45 años en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo durante el periodo del 2015 al 2021.

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent endocrine-metabolic disorder and the main cause of infertility in reproductive age. PCOS represents 70 – 80% of anovulation cases, increasing the risk of miscarriage and pregnancy complications. In Latin America, the prevalence of PCOS is 10%. In Ecuador, studies carried out show a prevalence of 12.5% in Guayaquil. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the optimal treatment to preserve female fertility. Objective: To evaluate the treatment of infertility by clinical means in women aged 25-45 years with infertility due to polycystic ovarian syndrome at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital during 2015 to 2021. Methodology: Observational, retrospective, transversal and descriptive study, involving patients between 25 and 45 years old diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and infertility at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital (HTMC) during the period from 2015 to 2021 in order to conceive pregnancy through the use of clomiphene citrate and letrozole. Results: Of the 127 patients studied, 47 patients (37.01%) who received pharmacological or surgical treatment became pregnant. While 80 patients (62.99%) did not get pregnant with any treatment. It was observed that of 127 women who received clomiphene citrate, 15 patients became pregnant (11.81%), while the remaining 112 women (88.19%) did not get pregnant. In the case of 75 women who received letrozole, it was found that 27 patients (36%) became pregnant, while the remaining 48 women (64%) did not become pregnant. Regarding the 12 women who underwent ovarian drilling, it was obtained that 41.67% of women became pregnant. Conclusion: Letrozole treatment increases pregnancy rate in patients with PCOS infertility for whom clomiphene citrate treatment did not work. 68.09% of patients who did not get pregnant using clomiphene citrate required letrozole. The pregnancy rate with letrozole was 36% while that of clomiphene citrate was 11.81%.