Complicaciones de la terapia de inducción en el esquema 7+3 de la Leucemia Mieloide Aguda en pacientes de 30 a 75 años en el Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo durante el periodo 2018 – 2021.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia is a malignant pathology characterized by alterations at the level of hematopoiesis precursor cells, where normal blood elements are replaced by blasts. Methodology: This is a retrospective,observational, analytical, longitudinal, retrospective study conducted at Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital by reviewing medical records. Its internalnetwork was used to collect and analyze the reported cases of Acute MyeloidLeukemia during the period 2018 to 2021, 180 clinical records were analyzedof which 33 cases met the inclusion criteria and were part of the research universe. Results: Of the 33 patients analyzed, 22 (67%) were male and 11 (33%) were female; of this population 13 (40.6%) patients resulted with a deceased discharge condition, while 19 (59.4%) patients resulted with a live discharge condition; this due to the severe pancytopenia that occurs in these patients, making it the most frequent complication. Among the complications that occurred less frequently in patients who received induction treatment with7+3 scheme in Acute Myeloid Leukemia were the need for admission to the Intensive Care Unit, requirement of vasopressors and inotropic drugs, and hemorrhagic manifestations. Conclusion: Induction treatment is a therapeuticoption that as a side effect produces severe pancytopenia which produces anineffective response of the immune system to infectious conditions of any origin, which can lead to death.