Relación entre la presencia de la mucosa queratinizada y la pérdida ósea en pacientes atendidos en la Clínica Odontológica de la Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Introduction: During mastication, the keratinized mucosa (KM) plays a fundamental role in the distribution and resistance of the occlusal forces transferred through the prosthesis to the supporting bone. When there is tooth loss, often the MQ and the adjacent alveolar bone tend to disappear due to the lack of physical and mechanical stimulation, causing bone loss (PO). Objective: To determine the relationship between the presence of keratinized mucosa and bone loss in patients treated at the Dental Clinic of the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil (UCSG). Materials and Methods: Clinical research with a quantitative approach, cross-sectional, descriptive observational design, it was carried out through clinical inspection in 60 patients considering variables such as: gender, age, type of edentulism, clinical characteristics and dimensions of the MQ and PO and etiology. Results: Of the total of 60 patients analyzed, the presence of keratinized mucosa was found in 75% of the participants with a thickness of 2-3 mm in more than 50% of the cases. Bone loss is observed in 43.34% and this adjusts to poorly fitting prostheses. Finally, it was shown that the relationship between the presence of MQ and PO was only observed in 18.33% of the participants. Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is a positive relationship between the presence of MQ and PO in partial and total edentulous patients.