Prevalencia de diabetes gestacional en pacientes de 25 a 45 años que acuden al Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS los Ceibos.

Abstract

The prevalence of gestational diabetes has been increasing worldwide, which makes it a major challenge in the field of maternal and child health. Objective: To determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes in patients aged 25 to 45 who attend the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos. Methodology: This is a descriptive, quantitative study, with a retrospective and cross-sectional design. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: indirect observation matrix. Population: 45 women. Results: The study reveals data on the population of women with gestational diabetes. Regarding age, 54% are in the range of 31 to 35 years, followed by 22.7% in the group of 36 to 40 years. 88.6% belong to the mestizo ethnic group and reside in urban areas. Regarding the pathological history, the majority have a history of diabetes mellitus, with 90.9%. In addition, a considerable percentage also has a history of arterial hypertension (34.1%) and obesity (18.2%). It is important to note that a significant number of them have a history of both arterial hypertension (25.0%) and diabetes mellitus (11.4%). Regarding clinical manifestations, women with gestational diabetes experienced hyperglycemia more frequently (54.5%), followed by fatigue (27.3%) and edema (20.5%). Regarding the complications of gestational diabetes, the most prominent include preeclampsia, which affects 18.6% of women, and fetal macrosomia, which occurs in 9.3%. Conclusion: The prevalence of gestational diabetes during the year 2022 was 7.19%.