Frecuencia de hiperbilirrubinemia en neonatos ingresados en la UCIN en el Hospital General del norte de Guayaquil IESS los Ceibos.

Abstract

Hyperbilirubinemia is a clinical condition suffered by full-term and late premature newborns due to the accumulation of bilirubin due to alterations caused by various factors. Objective: Determine the frequency of Hyperbilirubinemia in neonates admitted to the NICU of a Hospital in the city of Guayaquil. Methodology: Descriptive level study, characterizes the population detailing the current problem; quantitative, data collection and analysis; Design according to time is retrospective, collection of old information to be able to examine the variables and cross-sectional, analysis of the information collected during the period of 2022. Population: Made up of 200 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia admitted to the NICU. Results: Sociodemographic characteristics, there is a predominance of female neonatal patients (57%) frequency of certain factors; gestational age of 39 weeks (51%) adaptation to extrauterine life; the weight stands out from 2,500 to 3,300 grams (50%) occurs in different birth weights. The most prevalent clinical sign is jaundice due to excess bilirubin. The main cause is jaundice during 24 hours (40%) the body gets rid of fetal red blood cells by making new red blood cells. The complication is hearing problems (48%) accumulation of bilirubin causes brain damage. It is observed that there are neonates with a condition on the Kramer scale in zone 1 (45%) that continues a cephalocaudal pattern. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a high frequency of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia within the NICU associated with specific clinical characteristics.