Frecuencia de tuberculosis pulmonar en pacientes diabéticos atendidos en el Centro de Salud Sauces 3 en la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis in diabetic patients represents a higher risk of complications. Objective: To determine the frequency of pulmonary tuberculosis in diabetic patients treated at a Health Center in the city of Guayaquil. Design: descriptive, quantitative, transversal, retrospective. Population: 51 patients. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Indirect observation matrix. Results: Age group: 30-40, 2%. 41-51 years, 20%. 52-62, 46%. 63-73.22%. +73, 10%. Sexo hombre 76%, mujer 24%. Time of illness with latent Tuberculosis: 0-3 months 0%; 3-6 months 0%; 6-9 months 90%. 9-12 months, 8%. +12 months, 2%. Diabetes time: 0-3 months, 6%. 3-6 months, 0%. 6-9 months, 8%. 9-12 months, 2%. +12 months, 84%. Comorbidities: arterial hypertension, 61%; HIV,4%. Infections,0%. Cancer, 0%. None,35%. Clinical manifestations: severe cough, 69%; chest pain, 25%; coughing up blood, 14%; weakness or fatigue, 78%; weight loss, 55%; lack of appetite, 47%; chills, 31%; fever, 31%. Stages of tuberculosis: latent infection, 80%; active disease, 100%. Treatment of TbP: First line: Isoniazid, 90%; Rifampicin, 90%; Pyrazinamide, 35%; Ethambutol, 31%. Second line: Linezolid, 8%; Ethionamide, 2%; Cycloserine, 0%; amikacin, 0%; Capremycin, 2%; Bedaquiline, 8%; Levofloxacin, 10%; Monoxyfloxation, 0%. Antidiabetic treatment: Oral, 76%; parenteral insulin, 24%. Adverse reactions: loss of appetite, 2%; tingling, 0%; fatigue, 2%; Fever, 0%; pain, 2%; Burning in the hands and feet, 0%; bleeding, 0%; blurred vision, 0%; Vision changes, 0%; hearing loss, 0%. None, 98%. Conclusion: The frequency of diabetic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is 14.6 cases during the period from 2019 to 2022.