Riesgos psicosociales en el desarrollo de los niños y niñas a causa del trabajo infantil : casos de niños que trabajan en una zona agrícola del cantón Salitre en edades de 10 a 12 años.

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to identify and analyze the psychosocial risk and protection factors experienced by working children in agricultural areas of the rural area of a canton in the province of Guayas. For this study, two cases of children between 10 and 12 years old who were in child labor in rural areas were considered. A qualitative methodology was established, which allowed the application of techniques such as in-depth interviews and the preparation of the family genogram, for which three questionnaires were designed, one aimed at the representatives of the children, another aimed at the children. and the last one aimed at a social work professional in the sector. As a result, in the two case studies, it was evident that the risk factors are insecurities, health risks, fatigue, stress, work accidents; abuse and mistreatment due to little supervision by parents or legal representatives, causing emotional trauma and damaging self-esteem. Likewise, the effects on social relationships, the lack of socialization to be able to interact with friends and neighbors, insufficient time to access formal education affects cognitive development and future opportunities, perpetuating the cycle of poverty. These cases face critical situations, where economic difficulties, as well as the limitations of their representatives, lead them to seek support for their families.