Complicaciones obstétricas en adolescentes atendidas en el hospital de especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el periodo 2018 – 2022.

Abstract

Introduction: Obstetric complications that occur in adolescents during pregnancy and childbirth have been gaining more importance over time, being considered as a social phenomenon with a great impact on Public Health, the World Health Organization, WHO, It refers that it is currently positioned as the second cause of death among girls between 15 and 18 years of age. According to data and figures from the WHO itself, 16 million adolescents between the ages of 15 and 19 and approximately 1 million girls under the age of 15 give birth each year, the majority in low- and middle-income countries. Objective: To determine the obstetric complications in adolescents at the Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the period 2018 - 2022. Materials and methods: This work is based on a cross-sectional, descriptive, observational, and retrospective study, in which all adolescent patients between the ages of 10 and 19 who presented obstetric complications in any trimester of pregnancy and who were treated at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital in the period 2018 - 2022 are taken into account. Results: It was obtained that , of 131 pregnant adolescents, the average age was 16.58 years, presenting menarche at 12.47 years with onset of sexual activity from 13.80 years, most of them (98.5%) had no habits and they did not resort to the use of contraceptive methods 98.5%. The nutritional status did not present the majority of alterations, however, 27.5% were found to be overweight. Finally, they presented complications where anemia was the most frequent (34,6%), followed by urinary tract infection in one (21,3%), the other complications had a lower percentage scoring threat of premature labor (8,7). , threatened abortion (8,7%) but are among the most common obstetric complications in adolescents. Conclusion: It was possible to determine the most frequent complications in adolescents who were treated at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital in a period of 5 years from 2018 to 2022.