Factores asociados a la mortalidad en pacientes hospitalizados con traumatismo craneoencefálico no quirúrgico en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón en pacientes mayores de 18 años durante el periodo 2021- 2022.

Abstract

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common pathology in the intensive care unit (ICU) of tertiary level hospitals belonging to the Ministry of Public Health; Patients are admitted for airway protection, stabilization, and close monitoring of vital signs, which helps prevent secondary brain injury. Previously, mortality in these patients was found to be high, at 66%; however, it is not known whether pathophysiological factors at ICU admission of these patients are associated with mortality. Objective: To identify the factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with non-surgical traumatic brain injury in the Intensive Care Unit of the Abel Gilbert Pontón Hospital in patients over 18 years of age during the period 2021-2022. Methodology: This was a relational, retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study conducted in the ICU at the Hospital de Guayaquil Abel Gilbert Pontón (HAGP), from 2021 to 2022, in Guayaquil, Ecuador. We reviewed 189 medical records of patients with TBI, but patients were excluded after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving a population of 91 patients with non-surgical TBI. Upon admission to the ICU, the following data were collected: age, sex, mechanism of injury, ethyl status, comorbidities, the time interval between injury and arrival at HAGP, vital signs on admission (PA, HR, FR, CT, SatO2), Glasgow coma scale on admission, intubation on admission, presence of mydriasis, hospital-acquired infections, lesion observed on tomography and Marshall scale. Participants were followed until discharge from the ICU or death. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.