Fibrilación auricular como hallazgo electrocardiográfico en pacientes con episodios de síncope de 40 a 80 años que acudieron al área de emergencia del Hospital Alcívar en el periodo 2022-2023.

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation, a cardiac irregularity commonly associated with an increased risk of strokes and other cardiac complications, can manifest as a significant electrocardiographic finding in various clinical contexts. In this study, the focus was directed towards those who have experienced syncope episodes, a transient loss of consciousness, typically linked to insufficient cerebral blood flow. Specifically, this research concentrated on patients aged between 40 and 80 years who sought emergency care at the Clínica Alcívar Hospital during the 2022-2023 period. A total of 135 patient cases were analyzed through descriptive statistical analyses, such as means with confidence intervals, and relational tests including the T-test and chi-square; to determine the prevalence of this pathology, in addition to its associated factors, predominant sex, age, and type of ventricular response. It was found that the prevalence of patients with atrial fibrillation was 20.74%, with hypertension (39.29%) and thyroid alterations (7.14%) being the most significant associated factors. The average age of the patients was 65.61±11.04 years, and there was no gender predominance linked to the pathology. RVR was the most frequent ventricular response, accounting for 82.75% of the cases, being more common in patients with hypertension, while RVM (10.71%) and RVL (3.57%) were more frequent in patients with thyroid alterations. Further research is necessary to better understand these relationships and their implications in the face of syncope related to atrial fibrillation.