Manifestaciones neurológicas en pacientes con hiperglicemia aguda en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo durante el periodo 2018 – 2022.

Abstract

Background: Acute hyperglycemia is a common and potentially serious medical complication with a high prevalence worldwide. It is characterized by a rapid increase in blood glucose levels and is mainly associated with decompensated diabetes mellitus. It can present systemic effects, as well as neurological manifestations, which have been little studied. Objective: To determine the prevalence of neurological manifestations in patients with acute hyperglycemia at the Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo during the period 2018-2022. Methodology: An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out in patients admitted to the Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo during the period 2018 to 2022 with a diagnosis of acute hyperglycemia. In addition, a simple random sample calculation was performed with a confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of 5%. Obtaining as a result a few 351 population to study. As a result, a total of 273 population patients who met all the inclusion criteria were obtained. Results: The prevalence of neurological manifestations in patients with acute hyperglycemia was 31.9%, representing a total of 87 cases. It was evidenced that the most frequently affected gender in patients with was male and with a mean age of 65 years. Conclusions: Of the total of 87 cases (31.9%), the alteration of the state of consciousness was demonstrated as the most common neurological manifestation presented (13.9%). In addition, a significant relationship was demonstrated between high blood glucose levels (>300 mg/dL) and the presentation of neurological manifestations. (p<0.001).