Prevalencia de síntomas respiratorios y secuelas pulmonares post COVID-19 en adultos entre 18 a 67 años atendidos en el Hospital Naval de Guayaquil en el periodo de marzo 2020 a marzo 2022.

Abstract

Introduction Post-Covid 19 condition is a pathological state characterized by presence of persistent or new symptoms for more than 4 weeks from the primary infection by Covid- 19. In Ecuador, respiratory effects and post-Covid-19 sequelae of this disease have not been studied, the objective of present investigation is to determine prevalence of respiratory symptoms and post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae in adults between 18 and 67 years of age at Naval Hospital of Guayaquil in the period from March 2020 to March 2022. Methodology. A quantitative, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive work is carried out at Naval Hospital of Guayaquil. 150 patients between the ages of 18 and 67 with an initial diagnosis of Covid-19 diagnosed by laboratory studies (antibodies or PCR COVID) with subsequent controls for Post-Covid-19 effects in Pneumology area are analyzed. Population and its respiratory symptoms and pulmonary sequelae are characterized by age range, sex, comorbidities, harmful habits, Covid-19 vaccination, number of doses applied, severity of Covid-19 in primary infection. Conclusion. It is concluded that prevalence of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary sequelae post COVID-19 in adults between 18 and 67 years of age treated at the Naval Hospital of Guayaquil in the period from March 2020 to March 2022 was 77.3%. Prevalence of respiratory symptoms in Post Covid-19 population was 86% and total Post Covid 19 population, 100%, suffered from some type of pulmonary sequelae. it was more prevalent in males, between 48 and 57 years old, with previous lung diseases, with history of previous Covid 19 with mild severity, without harmful habits, in people not reported as vaccinated or with up to two doses of vaccination. The most prevalent respiratory symptom was dyspnea and chest pain, although it is more common for them not to present any symptoms, but to present pulmonary sequelae of consolidations.