Caracterización de pacientes con infección respiratoria aguda grave por virus sincitial respiratorio en menores de 2 años en el Hospital Roberto Gilbert Elizalde en el período 2017-2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Respiratory syncytial virus is responsible for the highest percentage of respiratory infections in the population under 2 years of age. The clinical picture is variable, it may present with mild infection or require hospitalization. It is essential to take into account the risk factors to consider the group that may present the greatest severity. Objective: To describe the characteristics of patients with severe acute respiratory infection secondary to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in children under 2 years of age at the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital in the period 2017-2019.Materials and methods: a study was carried out with a quantitative approach of an observational nature, analytical in a retrospective sense with cross-sectional measurement. Patients with a positive nasopharyngeal swab for respiratory syncytial virus with severity criteria were included.Results: We worked with a total of 206 patients with positive RSV, of which 57% presented pneumonia and 42% bronchiolitis, with severity criteria: 23% had respiratory contact, 18% with incomplete vaccines, 17% were premature. In addition, the required oxygen supply was taken into account: 45% high-flow oxygen, 51% invasive ventilation. Mortality was 4.8% of all patients.Conclusions: patients infected with RSV who present at least one risk factor are more likely to present a picture of severe respiratory infection and require a stay in a pediatric intensive unit.