Incidencia del balance hídrico positivo en pacientes con choque ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos del Hospital Roberto Gilbert Elizalde en el periodo enero-diciembre 2022.

Abstract

Background: Hydration is an essential support therapy in pediatric patients with sepsis admitted to the PICU. Positive water balance can be a risk factor that increases the possibility of developing kidney and respiratory complications and increasing patient mortality. Objective: Estimate the incidence of positive water balance in patients with shock admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit of the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital in the period January to December 2022. Materials and methods: A descriptive, retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study was carried out with an incidence study design, with data obtained from the records of 123 patients. A descriptive analysis was carried out to establish the characteristics of the sample. For the quantitative variables, dispersion statistics were used, the qualitative variables were analyzed with absolute frequencies and Chi square percentages to establish the correlation between variables. Results: The average age was 56 months, 53.6 were male. The incidence of positive water balance was 55.3%. Pre-renal failure (49.59%), renal failure (21.95%), pleural effusion (3.2%), and acute lung edema (4.1%) occurred. A statistically significant association was evident between positive fluid balance with respiratory complications and mortality. Conclusions: Positive fluid balance is a risk factor for the development of respiratory complications and mortality in patients with sepsis admitted to the PICU.