Análisis de los factores socioeconómicos que inciden en la desnutrición crónica en menores de 5 años en Ecuador, periodo 2012-2023.

Abstract

The objective of this work is to identify the socioeconomic factors that influence chronic malnutrition in children under 5 years of age in Ecuador, therefore, we sought to establish theories that support it, to use an econometric model according to the naturalness of the variables with the purpose of giving pertinent conclusions. In the same way, hypotheses that embark the mentioned factors are established. In order to carry out the analysis of the results, projections were made for the years 2012, 2018 and 2023 and considering other additional factors. The econometric model used was Logit, using data extracted from the Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) in relation to Child Malnutrition. The dependent variable in this study was child malnutrition, while thirteen independent variables were considered in total. Overall only four variables were significant in 2012, seven in 2018 and five in 2023. For future research, it is recommended to conduct the surveys on an annual basis for more accurate comparisons and projections, in order to appreciate the evolution of chronic malnutrition and its associated factors over time.