Salud periodontal en el contexto de las enfermedades sistémicas. Estudio de cohorte.

Abstract

Introduction: The oral microbiota generates oral inflammation; it can also directly influence systemic inflammation, increasing it through the release of toxins into the bloodstream. Evidence has been found linking oral diseases with several systemic and non-oral diseases, such as: cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Objectives: To evaluate the state of Periodontal Health in patients with systemic diseases. Materials and methods: A study with a quantitative, cross-sectional approach, descriptive and analytical cohort design, deductive method, was carried out in a total of 118 patients from the UCSG Dental Clinic. Results: 14.40% have periodontal health, 85.69% have periodontal disease, 7% have cardiovascular disease, 4% have diabetes, 33% have obesity and 0% have osteoporosis. Obesity (p-value > 0.05). RR = 0.94 95%CI (0.53-1.66); cardiovascular disease (p-value > 0.05). RR = 1.18 95% CI (0.43 - 3.27), diabetes p-value (0.441) RR = 0.69, 95% CI (0.16 - 2.90), indicate that there is no significant evidence of association with periodontal disease, risk difference is not statistically significant. Conclusions: The statistical data allow us to establish that there is not enough evidence to affirm that obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes constitute a relative risk of periodontal disease. Clinical Relevance: This study is of great importance since it guides us for future research to verify the relationship between systemic diseases and dental health.