Efectividad de los ejercicios fisioterapéuticos y la electroterapia en personas adultas con cervicalgia : revisión Sistemática

Abstract

Neck pain is defined as any specific pain located below the superior nuchal line and above the line of the scapular spine posteriorly. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is the noninvasive, transcutaneous use of electrical stimulation to produce analgesia. Interferential therapy is the application of medium frequency alternating current modulated in amplitude at low frequency. Exercise increases muscle strength and range of motion. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic exercises and electrotherapy in cervicalgia in adults. Methodology: For the systematic review, the guidelines of the PRISMA statement were used, the screening process and the selection of studies was carried out using the Rayyan program, which 9 articles were selected and evaluated by the PEDro assessment scale and the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: interferential therapy and physiotherapeutic exercises with a mean of p<0.013 in 4 studies; transcutaneous nerve electrostimulation a mean of p<0.01 in one study; neck stabilization exercises and McKenzie a mean of p<0.0015 in one study; medium frequency electrotherapy with a mean of p<0.01. The mean values range from p<0.001 to p<0.04 indicating that the therapeutic approaches are effective in the treatment of neck pain and functionality of patients. Conclusions: Electrotherapy and physiotherapeutic exercises have demonstrated effectiveness in decreasing pain in the cervical region whether it has been on an individual or group basis.