Prevalencia de accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) en adultos mayores que asisten al Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos.

Abstract

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), also known as stroke, is a prevalent and potentially fatal medical emergency worldwide. It is characterized by the interruption of blood flow to the brain, either due to blockage of an artery (ischemic stroke) or rupture of a blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). Objective: To determine the prevalence of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in older adults attending the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos. Methodology: This study was conducted using a descriptive and quantitative approach, with a retrospective and cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 162 older adults. The technique used was indirect observation. The results show that 88.3% are men and 11.7% are women. Regarding age distribution, the age groups 63-68 years (26.5%) and 81-86 years (24.1%) were the most representative. Ischemic stroke accounts for 88.9% of cases, while hemorrhagic stroke accounts for 11.1%. The most common clinical manifestations include hemiparesis (88.3%), severe headache (49.4%) and facial paralysis (41.4%). In terms of causes, hypertension is the most prevalent (51.9%), followed by ischemic heart disease (11.7%) and diabetes mellitus (10.5%). Conclusion: During the period 2020 to 2023, a prevalence of 8.33% was observed.