Prevalencia de apendicitis aguda según su clasificación morfológica en pacientes de 18 a 65 años que hayan sido intervenidos quirúrgicamente en Dirección Hospitalaria Guayaquil en el periodo 2020 – 2022.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is considered the most common reason for surgical treatment in emergency departments worldwide, showing a high incidence in the second and third decades of life. It is an inflammation of the vermiform appendix caused by various factors that lead to obstruction of the appendiceal lumen and increased bacterial proliferation, followed by vascular congestion, ischemia, and perforation of the appendix. Methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective, observational, and descriptive study conducted at the Guayaquil Hospital Directorate, in which medical records and surgical records of acute appendicitis during the period from 2020 to 2022 were reviewed. Results: Data were collected from 218 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 65.6% were male, with 29 years being the most common age. 50.9% sought medical care within 24 hours, and 61.01% of patients self-medicated. Additionally, a relationship was found between classification and the Alvarado scale, as well as leukocyte count at admission. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is an increase in the prevalence of phlegmonous acute appendicitis, according to morphological classification. More cases were observed in males, who were predominantly treated in the emergency department of the Guayaquil Hospital Directorate. Additionally, a high percentage of patients selfmedicated, delaying timely diagnosis. Furthermore, a relationship and utility for early diagnosis were established by associating the classification with hours of evolution and the Alvarado scale.