Prevalencia de los microorganismos bacterianos aislados en neonatos con sepsis en el área de Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales del Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos en el periodo 2021–2022

Abstract

Neonatal sepsis remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in newborns worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of microorganisms causing sepsis in early and late stages. A retrospective/prospective study was carried out at the General Hospital of the North of Guayaquil IESS “Los Ceibos”, where 122 neonates with a diagnosis of neonatal sepsis were included. Demographic, clinical, and microbiological data were collected and analyzed to identify relevant patterns and trends. The results revealed a prevalence of “Gram Negative Bacilli along with the KPC type carbapenemase producing strain” in the early phase, while in the late phase “Staphylococcus Aureus” was found to be more predominant. Several risk factors associated with the development of neonatal sepsis were identified, including male sex 54.9%, Apgar ≥7 89.4%, low weight 47.5% and Prematurity 53.2% in the Neonate and UTI + Leucorrhoea in 28.6% in maternal risk factors. Respiratory difficulty was the most frequent early sign, with 45.08%. Finally, medications such as Oxacillin, Trimetropin and Gentamicin of antibiotic resistance.