Tiempo quirúrgico como factor de riesgo de disfunción de válvula ventrículo-peritoneal en pacientes pediátricos en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante en el periodo 2020- 2023.

Abstract

Introduction: The ventriculoperitoneal shunt valve is the treatment of choice for hydrocephalus. This surgical procedure, like any other, carries risks and post-surgical complications known as "ventriculoperitoneal dysfunction." Among the risk factors for dysfunction of this valve system is the prolonged surgical time. Objectives: This study seeks to evaluate if there is a direct relationship between longer surgical time and valve dysfunction in pediatric patients. Identify the average surgical time for ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. Compare surgical time between patients who experienced valve dysfunction and those who did not, and identify if there is an inversely proportional relationship between patient age and surgical time. Materials and Methods: This study is cross-sectional, observational, retrospective, and analytical to evaluate the relationship between surgical time and ventriculoperitoneal valve dysfunction. Results: 66.3% of patients in the study experienced dysfunction of the ventriculoperitoneal system. The mean surgical time for both groups was 1 hour and 34 minutes. The mean surgical time for patients with ventriculoperitoneal dysfunction was 1 hour and 48 minutes, contrasted with the mean surgical time among patients who did not experience valve dysfunction, which was 1 hour and 7 minutes. Discussion: Differences were found in terms of the prevalence of valve dysfunction. In this study, dysfunction was present in 66.3% of cases, compared to a study conducted at Michigan Hospital where dysfunction prevalence was only found in 50% of patients. Similarly, there was a difference in the mean surgical time of all patients; in this study, the mean was significantly higher than a study conducted in Washington where the mean surgical time was 48 minutes. Conclusions: Prolonged surgical time is a potential risk factor for developing ventriculoperitoneal dysfunction. The mean surgical time in patients with valve dysfunction was 1 hour and 48 minutes, in contrast to those without dysfunction which was 1 hour and 7 minutes.