Incidencia de dolor postoperatorio inmediato en el área de ginecología del Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, período de septiembre-2023 a enero-2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Postoperative Pain (PoP) is a post-surgical experience caused by the physiological response to surgical trauma. Tools such as the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) allow its assessment, to enhance patient management and progression. Methods: The incidence of PoP was investigated in postoperative gynecological patients at HETMC, excluding those with surgical complications or risk factors affecting measurement. Surveyed data were collected in Microsoft Excel, and the SPSS Real Statistics program was used to perform the descriptive, analytical, Kendall Correlation and ODDS RATIO with a significance test of<0,05. Results: The population consisted of 104 women, mainly of mixed race (83%), aged 26 to 77 years (M=49±13). Among the characteristics, hypertension (36%) predominated as a personal past medical history (PPM), cesarean section as a previous abdominopelvic intervention (52.88%), overweight as a nutritional status (47%), and ASA PS classification II (62.46%). The incidence of PoP was 56.73%, with a mean VAS score of 3.19 ± 2.17 at 24 hours, and a controlled PoP incidence of 80.77%. The surgery with the highest incidence of uncontrolled PoP was exploratory laparoscopy + adnexectomy (28.6%). The incidence of zero PoP was higher with the “tramadol + paracetamol + ketorolac” regimen. Conclusions: The incidence of PoP, correlated with anesthesia, analgesia, and Surgery, showed a controlled PoP. General anesthesia and the “Tramadol + paracetamol + ketorolac” regimen were more significant for its control. Patients of normal weight, older than 49 years, with ASA PS classification I or III, and with previous abdominopelvic surgery are at higher risk of experiencing controlled PoP.