Estudio comparativo entre los hallazgos de endoscopía alta en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica que se realizan hemodiálisis vs pacientes sin afectación renal en el hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón durante el periodo de enero a noviembre de 2023.

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health challenge, affecting individuals over 30 years old and characterized by kidney abnormalities for more than 3 months, with a glomerular filtration rate lower than 60 ml/min/1.73 m². Risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, and anemia accelerate its progression, highlighting the need for early interventions such as dialysis. CKD is associated with gastrointestinal manifestations, affecting up to 90% of chronic kidney patients, with common lesions including gastric ulcers and angiodysplasias. This observational, retrospective, and cross-sectional study compared endoscopy findings in patients with and without CKD. Out of 225 reports, 142 patients qualified, with 20.42% having CKD requiring dialysis. Most were men, but a higher percentage of women had CKD requiring dialysis, although without statistical association. The average age was 61 years, with a higher prevalence of CKD in older adults. Urea and creatinine levels were elevated in some patients. Gastric ulcers were common, and a statistical association was found between CKD and hypertensive gastropathy, as well as between elevated creatinine and esophageal varices, hypertensive gastropathy, and gastric ulcers. Regular endoscopic surveillance is recommended in CKD patients to detect and manage gastrointestinal lesions, as well as monitoring renal function markers. Further research is suggested to explore associations between CKD and gastrointestinal pathologies, adapting diagnostic and treatment strategies according to age and gender differences. These findings can improve clinical care and guide future research.