Prevalencia del infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST en pacientes con hipertensión arterial, de 40 - 80 años, en el Hospital Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón durante el periodo 2021-2022.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation is a condition of great relevance and prevalence worldwide, associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. In Ecuador, it is one of the leading causes of mortality in recent years. Objective: To establish the prevalence of acute myocardial infarction with STsegment elevation in patients with arterial hypertension aged 40-80 years at the Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón during the period 2021- 2022. Materials and Methods: This is an observational, retrospective, crosssectional, and descriptive study. It involved a sample of 131 patients treated at the Hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón during the period 2021-2022. Results: A sample of 131 patients was taken, of which 80.37% presented acute myocardial infarction with STsegment elevation and arterial hypertension during the period 2021-2022. The affected anatomical region was an important variable, with the anterior wall predominating at 44.3%. Similarly, the predominant gender was male at 74.8%. The most affected age range was 61-70 years, with a prevalence of 37.4%. Finally, Classification I on the Killip & Kimball scale at hospital admission was the most prevalent at 97.7%. Conclusions: The prevalence of acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation in patients with arterial hypertension corresponded to 80.37%, indicating its relevance as a very common condition with a high mortality rate.