Prevalencia del accidente cerebrovascular isquémico asociado a dislipidemia en pacientes mayores de 40 años atendidos Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el período 2021-2022.

Abstract

Introduction: According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), after ischemic heart disease, is the second cause of death, causing around 6.7 million deaths in 2015. Objectives: Estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients over 40 years of age with ischemic stroke. Establish the predominant age and gender, determine the patients' lifestyle and risk factors. Materials and methods: An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out, including patients over 40 years of age with stroke associated with dyslipidemia consulted in the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital emergency area during the period 2021 to 2022. For the study there remains a population of 125 patients who meet all the inclusion criteria. Results: 32.8% were represented by the age group between the age of 66-75 years. The male population predominated in prevalence with 69.6%. In hyperlipidemia, the male sex was preponderant compared to the female sex. Among the risk factors, the most predominant was high blood pressure with 76.8%. Regarding dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia was the most frequent with 24%. Discussion: The higher prevalence in the male population was comparable to the study by Mónica Ortiz et al. The age group was supported by the study by Olga Alicia Nieto-Cárdenas from the Universidad del Quindío Research Magazine. It was shown that dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor for the development of stroke, corresponding to the second most frequent factor, together with data that correlate with the article by José Luis Gamarra-Insfrán et al. It was evidenced in the study by Víctor Arnaldo González Álvarez et al. of the University Hospital, in Cuba, that isolated hypercholesterolemia took first place, coinciding with our study. Conclusions Hypercholesterolemia was the most prevalent hyperlipid disorder in the study. Triglyceride values were found above the normal range.