Factores asociados a síndrome hiperosmolar hiperglucémico en diabéticos tipo II en el Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el periodo enero 2023 a enero 2024.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: There are acute and chronic complications in DM2; acute decompensations frequently constitute potentially fatal metabolic complications in the short term and are caused by intercurrent diseases such as infections whose diagnosis and treatment must be timely and adequate. It is essential to make known the various precipitating factors for the appearance of Hyperglycemic Crisis, and even more so in patients with little knowledge about the proper care of the comorbidities that they suffer. OBJECTIVE: Determine the factors associated with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus at the HTMC in the period January 2023 to January 2024. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, retrospective, analytical and cross-sectional study. A population of 1150 was obtained, the sample size calculation yieldeda number of 289 patients, the patients were selected through non- probabilistic random sampling, and exclusion criteria were applied. We worked with a total of 259 patients admitted to the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo hospital in the period January 2023 to January 2024. RESULTS: The prevalence of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome was 30.3%, the femalegender was the most frequent (57 .3%), p value = (0.533), the most common age range was >75 years (59.3%) p value = (0.31), the most commonpersonal pathological history was type 2 diabetes mellitus (96 .4) %, p value= (0.18), and chronic kidney disease (78.8%) p value= (0.02). CONCLUSIONS: 30.3% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. The factors that most frequentlyXVII occurred in patients with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome were female gender (57.3%), age group > 75 years (59.3%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (96.4%) and the disease chronic kidney disease (79.8%). Chronic kidney disease and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome have a statistically significant association, p value = (0.02).