Complicaciones neuropsiquiátricas en pacientes con VIH/SIDA de 18 a 35 años atendidos en el Hospital General Monte Sinaí en el periodo 2021 – 2023.

Abstract

Introduction: HIV affects the nervous system at any stage of infection,exacerbated by immunosuppression and antiretroviral treatment withdrawal, increasing the risk of neuropsychiatric comorbidities complications include minor cognitive and motor impairment, HIV-associated dementia and depressive spectrum disorders, requiring early and aggressive intervention foroptimal treatment .Methodology: This research is descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective and observational information will be collected from electronic medical records of the Mount Sinai General Hospital patients aged 18 to 35 years with a diagnosis of HIV in the AIDS phase, attended between 2021 and2023, will be studied. Results: 221 patients with HIV in the AIDS phase were identified at Mount Sinai General Hospital between 2021 and 2023. The most common neuropsychiatric complications included depression (82.3%), generalized anxiety disorder (52%), insomnia (78.7%), delirium (43.9%) and psychosis (31.22%), regarding epidemiological and clinical data, the mean agewas 27 years, 61.7% were men, and comorbidities such as reconstitution syndrome (25.7%), pulmonary tuberculosis (35.8%), and herpes zoster (7.5%) were found. Sixty-six percent of patients dropped out of antiretroviral therapy, and a higher number of patients with neuropsychiatric complications were observed with a high viral load along with a low CD4 count. Conclusions: Thisstudy highlights a high prevalence of neuropsychiatric complications in patients with HIV/AIDS, led by depression, followed by insomnia and generalized anxiety disorder, underscoring the need for comprehensive mentalhealth care in this population.