Prevalencia de colelitiasis en pacientes con dolor abdominal en la Dirección Hospitalaria Guayaquil desde el año 2020 al 2022.

Abstract

Background: Approximately 14% of the adult population presents biliary lithiasis, of which the incidence per year of cholelithiasis is 1 in 200 persons. Objective: To determine the prevalence of cholelithiasis in patients with abdominal pain, to examine the relationship between gender and the disease, age of highest incidence, most frequent method of admission, predominant diagnosis, comparison of incidence between the population of the Policía Nacional del Ecuador and the general population, and period of hospitalization for this pathology. Methods: This study included a population of 1718 patients who presented with abdominal pain in the Dirección Hospitalaria Guayaquil during the years 2020 to 2022. This study adopts a descriptive, observational, retrospective, and cross-sectional epidemiological design to investigate the prevalence of cholelithiasis. Data was recorded and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Jamovi 2.4. Results: Of the total population, the prevalence of cholelithiasis was found to be 560, while the prevalence of other pathologies related to abdominal pain was 1158. The prevalence was 32.6%. Discussion: The presence of cholelithiasis in our population was 560 cases, which corresponds to 32.6%. This value is higher if we compare it with other articles where it was observed to be from 6% to 22%. Conclusions: The prevalence was high at 32.6%. A higher prevalence of cholelithiasis was observed in the female group, affecting mainly middle-aged adults, and it is usually resolved surgically in a programmed manner in most cases.