Factores asociados a la morbimortalidad en prematuros de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Especializado Matilde Hidalgo de Procel, 2020-2022.

Abstract

Introduction: Premature birth is one of the major problems to be faced in perinatal medicine since this is the main cause of mortality. Objectives: This study seeks to identify the factors associated with morbidity and mortality in premature babies at the Matilde Hidalgo Specialized Hospital in Procel, both maternal and fetal factors, and to establish the mortality rate of premature babies admitted to the ICU. Materials and methods: The research modality projected in this study was descriptive and retrospective, quantitative in nature, numerical magnitudes were used as tools from the field of statistics. For the study, the data collected from the Matilde Hidalgo Hospital in the Procel ICU area during the period 2020-2022 was a total of 2,348 premature babies to whom the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, which left us with a total of 1,456 premature babies. which were considered for the analysis. Results: Of the total 1456 premature babies, 979 had an association with respiratory pathologies, of which 115 died. Of the total of 1,456 premature babies, 634 were associated with urinary tract infections on the mother's side, of which 98 died. Discussion: In the present study the mortality rate was 15.8% which differs from the study by Ayenew Enginda Yismaw, and Abebaw Addis Gelagay who obtained 28.8% mortality. This may be because the study used specifically premature newborn data, while the study with which it is contrasted used data on newborns in general. Conclusion: The present mortality rate was 15.8%, which positions it as a rate of moderate quality. It is notable to note that the mortality rate has progressively decreased over the years, with a high peak in 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic, which caused an increase in morbidities affecting premature infants and, consequently, an increase in deaths.