Identificación de los tipos de anemia en caninos atendidos en un laboratorio clínico veterinario de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Anemia is a hematological condition that can occur for various causes, so it is crucial to determine the type in patients for its proper management. The present study aimed to identify the type of anemia by using a blood count and observations of erythrocyte alterations under the use of blood smears, the determination of the type of anemia by reticulocyte count, and the correlation of the erythrocyte alterations observed. The study was descriptive with intentional sampling and a quantitative approach. Among the results, it was observed that of the sample of one hundred canines, 56 % presented regenerative anemia and 44 % showed non-regenerative anemia. As for the age group, 42 % were young adults, followed by geriatric patients who represented 29 % of the samples, puppies 19 % and older adults 10 %. Regarding classification by sex, 54 % were females and 46 % males. The Chisquare test indicated the relationship between regenerative anemia and erythrocyte alterations: macrocytosis, hypochromia, polychromasia, and anisocytosis; while for non-regenerative anemia the relationship with erythrocyte alterations was: normocytosis, normochromia and anisocytosis.